Academia Română, Filiala Cluj-Napoca

Prezentul demers doctrinar "Evoluţia conceptului de "protecţie a consumatorilor" în relaţie cu domeniul creditului destinat consumului" are ca obiectiv un examen al conceptului de «protecţie a consumatorilor» din perspectiva evoluţionistă, prin raportare la un subdomeniu din componenta acestuia şi anume, acela al creditului destinat consumului.

Studiul cercetează în complexitatea şi diversitatea lor, mijloacele juridice de protecţie a consumatorilor instituite în materia creditului destinat consumului, mijloace care inovează şi extind aria protecţiei juridice reglementate în raporturile dintre profesionişti şi consumatori.

ELEMENTUL MATERIAL AL LATURII OBIECTIVE

ÎN CAZUL INFRACŢIUNII DE INSUBORDONARE

Tiberiu Ban

Resumé

L'étude a comme objet de recherche l'analyse de toutes les conditions de l'acte objectif imposées par la loi pour l'infraction de l'insoumission prévue par l'article 334 du Code pénal. Par rapport aux dispositions des règlements militaires en vigueur, l'analyse porte sur les hypothèses dans lesquelles le refus d'un militaire d'exécuter un ordre remplit les conditions exigées par la loi pour les éléments constitutifs de l'infraction de l'insoumission.

Les considérations doctrinaires sont soutenues par des nombreuses références à la jurisprudence des instances militaires nationales. Dans cette manière, l'auteur cherche d'apporter une contribution propre à l'étude approfondie des infractions contre la discipline militaire.

Aspecte generale cu privire

la particularităţile răspunderii transportatorului în transportul aerian de mărfuri

Sipos Dorottya, Deak Attila

Abstract: General aspects about the characteristic features of the transporters liability in the air transport of merchandises

The air transport of merchandises is considered completed, both economically as legally, when the specific result, respectively the transport of merchandises is effectively produced.

Whenever the merchandise is not transported to the destination or the established place by the contracting parties, it is considered that the air transport of merchandises is not accomplished. Consequently, the air transporter didn't accomplish his contractual duty. In this case we can talk about the air transporter's liability.

According to the stipulation from the Convention of Montreal, the transporters liability is limited in the air transport of merchandises.

CONSIDERAŢII ASUPRA LEGII NR. 10/2001

ÎN LUMINA MODIFICĂRILOR OPERATE PRIN LEGEA NR. 247/2005. ASPECTE DE DREPT PROCESUAL ŞI MATERIAL

Emese Lituş

Abstract

The survey holds forth the analysis of some aspects arisen by the interpretation and the application of Law no.10/2001 regarding the juridical regime of immovable goods took over in an abusive manner between March 6^th 1945 and December 22^nd 1989 starting from finding that only a systematic analysis will be able to reveal the difficulties faced out by law practitioners in their intercessions.

The first part of the survey will examine the dispositions of art.no.2, par. (1), letter c) regarding the immovable goods donated to the state or to other juridical persons during the referenced period that result from the title of the special law, in light of the doctrinaire opinions and of the jurisprudential solutions.

The analysis, apparently lacking logic after the modification of the text through the effect of the enforcement of Law no. 247/2005, is determined by the un-unitary practice of judicial instances in applying art. no. 2, par. (a), letter (c) until its modification, but mostly by the juridical consequences that this practice has generated for the persons which were abusively dispossessed by the immovable goods they had in their property, dispossession operated under the cover of donations.

The second part will be consecrated to the interpretation of the stipulations of art. 2; par. 2 from the above mentioned Law and will look over solutions carrying a fundamental value of the Constitutional Court. We have considered that the implications carried by the interpretation of the text of art. 2; par. 2 from Law no.10/2001 can have for juridical practice, especially in those situations where former owners solicit compensations for the lack of use of the immovable goods assumed without an available title.

ACTUALITATEA PSIHOLOGIEI MARTORULUI

Emese Lituş

DREPTURILE PERSONALITĂŢII ÎN ERA INTERNETULUI

Călina Jugastru

Resumé: Les droits de la personnalité à l'ère de l'Internet

Les dernières années ont apporté une véritable révolution dans les communications. Les nouveaux moyens et notamment l'Internet ont suscité des discussion sur l'ordre juridique applicable dans le cyberspace. L'Internet est loin d'être un espace qui reste en dehors de la loi et de tout contrôle juridique. Les principes généraux du droit s'applique à l'Internet et, le même temps, il y a des normes spécifiques dans certaines matière, qu'on peut adapter à l'Internet.

Les droits de la personnalité font partie des domaines qui ont été vivifiés par leur rencontre avec l'Internet. Le droit à la vie privée, la protection des données personnelles, le secret des correspondances électroniques, la liberté d'expression, le droit à l'image etc., sont autant d'enjeux des droits de la personnalité mis à l'épreuve de l'Internet. Et la protection de l'internaute est le coeur du problème. En surfant sur le web, l'internaute sème des traces derrière lui, volontairement ou non. C'est une aubaine pour le commerçant, qui peut dresser facilement et pour un moindre coût les profils des consommateurs potentiels; c'est une menace pour l'intimité virtuelle de l'internaute, qui reçoit, par courrier électronique, de nombreux messages commerciales non sollicités. Mais, dans la société de l'information, on ne doit pas perdre l'avantage de la confidentialité; the right to be let alone, proclamé dans 1891, reste un droit actuel, même dans le cyberspace.

Cercetarea criminalistică a contrafacerilor

de produse industriale şi de consum

Grigore Labo

Resumé: L'investigation criminalistique des produits contrefaits

Dans les dernières décennies la contrefaçon des produits industriels et de consommation est devenue un très grave problème, en ce qui concerne l'économie d'un pays et la santé de sa population. Les techniques criminalistiques peuvent résoudre la distinction entre les produits vrais et ceux contrefaits.

Câteva consideraţii privind dreptul pârâtului

de a obţine despăgubiri băneşti

pentru prejudiciul moral suferit

ca urmare a exercitării abuzive de către reclamant

a dreptului de a formula acţiuni în justiţie

Livia Florina Labo

Abstract: Some considerations concerning the right to receive reparation in case of moral damages, if they result from the plaintiff's abusive exercise of the right to claim to justice

The articles 998-999 from the Romanian Civil Code regulate the civil responsibility of the person who causes damages to the others. This responsibility operates not only for material damages, but also for moral damages, which are not of patrimonial nature. Because there is no special regulation regarding the moral damages, not only their amount, but their nature remains to be appreciated by the judge in a very subjective way. Almost all the judges admit that the sufferance caused by the death of a close relative, or the hurt of someone's reputation, public image or dignity may constitute a moral damage. But what about the discomfort and even sufferance caused to the defendant by the plaintiff's abusive exercise of the right to claim to justice? Usually people don't have any hope that they could receive compensations in these cases, in spite of what they had to suffer without any fault of their own, because the nature of what is called “moral damage" is still so vague.

ALTE ASPECTE ALE ACTUALIZĂRII CREANŢELOR, MECANISM CARE PERMITE RECUPERAREA INTEGRALĂ A PREJUDICIULUI

Adrian Man, Narcisa Cozea

Resumé: D'autres aspects de l'actualisation des creances, mecanisme qui permet la recuperation integrale du prejudice

Le dédommagement complet de la personne préjudiciée, conformément aux stipulations de l'art. 1082 du Code civil roumain, implique sine qua non l'actualisation de la créance, exigence valable tant dans le cadre de la responsabilité civile délictuelle que dans le cadre de la responsabilité contractuelle.

Si le principe du nominalisme monétaire a été abandonné dès 1994 par l'instance suprême, la manière concrète de réaliser l'actualisation en matière de responsabilité contractuelle, qui implique des taux d'intérêt et des pénalités de retard, conformément à la clause pénale insérée dans le contrat, ne manque pas de soulever des objections, compte tenu de la jurisprudence de la Haute Cour de cassation et de justice.

A notre avis, sont actualisés le dommage effectif – dannum emergens et le profit non réalisé – lucrum cessans, compte tenu des dispositions de l'Ordonnance du gouvernement n° 5/2001 qui a été constamment déclarée constitutionnelle, comme expression du droit de propriété du créancier garanti par la Constitution roumaine (personne préjudiciée dans le cadre de la responsabilité civile délictuelle), droit qui inclut également les créances.

Accidentele de muncă şi bolile profesionale
– reflectate în noile dispoziţii legale –

Adriana Georgetta Meseşan

Abstract

The current Labour Code establishes the responsibility of the employer to insure the health and safety at work by providing that the work places be prepared so as to reduce the chances of events that would damage the physical integrity of the employees.

Law 319/2006 establishes the general principles regarding the prevention of professional risks, the protection of health and safety of the employees by eliminating the elements of risks and accidents.

That is why the provisions of the law are applicable in all the sectors, both public and private, and also to employers and employees' representatives, creating thus which a special legal framework regulating the labour accidents and professional diseases.

RĂSPUNDEREA DISCIPLINARĂ

Ioan Roşu

Abstract

The paper deals with some concrete aspects as concern the ability of holder of rights and obligations in the Individual Labor Contract,with a special view at work litigation. The disciplinary responsability represents a disapproval of the society toward the author of illicit action. The characteristics present in insubordination would be a willful, verbal refusal of instructions, a willful disregard of management authority, or disrespect, rudeness, rebellious or disobedient gestures, manner or attitude, dismissive gestures, walking away, abusive language, knocking the written instruction or notification of inquiry from the senior managers hand, or taking it and discarding it, addressing the senior manager or director or supervisor in a disrespectful manner.

PUBLICITATEA IMOBILIARĂ şi CADASTRUL

– ÎN VEDEREA INTEGRĂRII EUROPENE –

Maria-Lucia Roşu

Abstract

The general cadastre is the unitary and compulsory system of technical, economic, and legal record by which the identification, registration, representation on cadastral maps and plans of all land, as well as of other immovables from the country's whole territory shall be achieved, regardless of their purpose and owner. Real estate or immovable property is a legal term (in some jurisdictions) that encompasses land along with anything permanently affixed to the land, such as buildings. However, for technical purposes, some people prefer to distinguish real estate, referring to the land and fixtures themselves, from real property, referring to ownership rights over real estate. The terms real estate and real property are used primarily in common law, while civil law jurisdictions refer instead to immovable property.

CONSIDERAŢII ÎN LEGĂTURĂ CU ÎNCHEIERILE

PRIN CARE SE DISPUNE ASUPRA MĂSURILOR PREVENTIVE

Sorina Siserman

Abstract

In the almost two years after the introduction of Law 281/2003 the controversial problems occurred in the subject matter of preventive measures instead of finding a solution, have generated others inside the court's law practice. Discussions on the subject have amplified after The High Cassation and Justice Court, by its Decision no.17 in the 21^st of November 2005, have decreed upon the necessity of drawing up a minute in causes in which the court of law judges of brings into a verdict on preventive measures. The present assertion represents an analysis of different problems which have occurred in the activity of the Romanian Courts of Justice.

COMENTARIU PE TEMA MODIFICĂRILOR
ADUSE CODULUI DE PROCEDURĂ PENALĂ
PRIN LEGEA 356/2006 ŞI O.U.G DIN 6 SEPTEMBRIE 2006

Sorina Siserman

Abstract

The highly expected change of Penal Procedure Code, accomplished through Law 356 from 2006 and OUG 60 from the 6^th of September 2006 generated recent disappointment among Romania magistrates.

The current comment brings into discussion the provisions of the articles 71, 309 and 264 of the Penal Procedure Code. The legal texts prove the legislator's superficiality and the lack of respect towards law in a State which pretends to be lawful.